"The Final Promotion – Why every manager eventually becomes incompetent" explains the "Peter Principle." Formulated by Laurence J. Peter in 1969, the theory states: "In a hierarchy, every employee tends to rise to his level of incompetence." If you are good at your job, you get promoted. You keep getting promoted until you land in a job you are bad at. And there you stay, messing things up, because you are no longer good enough to be promoted, but not bad enough to be fired. Business writer Peter Level analyzes why organizations are filled with bad bosses. They were likely excellent engineers or salesmen, but that doesn't make them good leaders. The skills that got them there are not the skills they need now. "The Final Promotion" offers structural solutions for companies (like technical career tracks that don't involve management) and advice for individuals on how to refuse a promotion that will ruin their career.